Social Security Spousal Benefits: One More Key To Your Social Security Decision

Can a spouse collect on her husband's social security if she reaches retirement age before her husband? No. In order for a wife to collect Social Security benefits on her husband's income several requirements will have to be satisfied:

1. The spouse applying for the spousal benefit needs to be at least age 62

2. The husband must be eligible to receive benefits, consequently he should also be at least age 62. In addition, the husband must actually apply for Social Security retirement benefits in order for his wife to receive benefits based on his income. The husband can then elect to postpone receiving benefits. This strategy is referred to as "file and suspend".

To give you an example, if the wife is 62 and the husband is 60, the wife can begin collecting benefits calculated on her income, but she can not collect based on her husband's earnings until he turns 62 and starts receiving his own benefits.

However, if the wife is age 66 and her spouse is only 62, then the wife can start collecting based on her husband's income (remember, the husband must sign up for his Social Security before his wife can collect based on his earnings).

In the cases above, the wife can begin collecting benefits calculated on her own earnings at age 62 (assuming she has at least forty quarters of earnings and qualifies for benefits on her own), then she can change over to 1 / 2 her husband's benefit once her husband becomes eligible for Social Security.

A couple of points to consider before applying for benefits:

If a wife applies for her Social Security spousal benefit as determined by her husband's income when she becomes full retirement age (age 66 for people retiring now), then she will receive 50% of her husband's primary insurance amount (PIA). On the other hand, if she starts receiving benefits at age 62, her benefit will be reduced to just 35% of her husband's PIA.

It doesn't help the spouse to apply after her full retirement age, as spousal benefits do not include delayed credits. In addition, it doesn't benefit the wife if the husband waits to apply for benefits because she will not get any rise in benefits that he will get by waiting to apply.

If a spouse reaches full retirement age and is qualified to apply for the spousal benefit or her own benefit, she may claim the spousal benefit now and postpone collecting her own benefit in order to build up delayed credits on her own benefit.

You can collect Social Security spousal benefits based on an ex-spouse's earnings so long as you were married for a minimum of 10 years and you are also at present unmarried. For people with more than one ex-spouse that you qualify for spousal benefits, you will get the maximum benefit you qualify for. One edge that divorced spouses have over married spouses is the fact that a divorced spouse does not need to wait for a former husband to apply for benefits as long as the couple has been divorced for a minimum of 2 yrs when she applies.

Finally, the Social Security retirement program is gender neutral, so though this article has assumed that the wife is the one applying for spousal benefits, if the wife earns more than her husband, the husband can sign up for Social Security benefits based on his wife's earnings.

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